2023托福考试做了一次大的改革，就写作部分来说，有相当大大的变动。这次托福考试改革删去了独立写作部分，加入一个新的部分“学术讨论写作”。写作整体的考试时长也有了大幅的缩减：目前官方给出写作总计的时间为29分钟；按照综合写作20分钟来计算的话，学术讨论写作仅有9分钟时间可供写作，因此这个题型将更加考验同学们快速审题和写作的能力。

托佛写作新题型：官方样题和范文
形式（“学术讨论写作”）：

教授发起讨论，两位同学阐述自己的论点&依据
字数要求：至少100字的文章

内容要求：发表自己的看法和评论

官方样题：

Instructions

Your professor isteaching a class on economics.

Write a postresponding to the professor's question.

In your responseyou should:

• express and supportyour personal opinion

• make a contributionto the discussion in your own words

An effectiveresponse will contain at least 100 words.

Professor Henson

When people are asked about the most important discoveries or inventionsmade in the last two hundred years, they usually mention something veryobvious, like the computer or the cell phone. But there are thousands ofother discoveries or inventions that have had a huge impact on how we livetoday. What scientific discovery or technological invention from the last 200years–other than computers and cellphones–would you choose as being important? Why?

Paul N

I mean, we're so used to science and technology that we are not even awareof all the things we use in our daily lives. I would probably choose spacesatellites. This technology happened in the last hundred years, and it hasbecome important for so many things. Just think about navigation, ortelecommunications, or even the military.

Lena A

I am thinking about medical progress. Like, for example, when scientistsdiscovered things about healthy nutrition. I am thinking of identifying all thevitamins we need to stay healthy. I am not sure exactly when the vitamindiscoveries happened, but I know they are very important. Our health is muchbetter than it was 200 years ago.

官方范文：

Sample Response 1:

For me, the invention of the airplane, by Brazilian inventor SantosDumont, is a good example of a important invention from the last two centuries.It made possible to connect different places even if they are thousand of milesaway one from another. People can be in any place of the world within twentyfour hours or less from the time they get inside an airplane. This isfantastic! Also, the world trade become more efficient. You can eat freshlobsters from northeastern Brazil even if you are in Dubai! l think that isreally interesting. Since the ancient Greece the man wanted to fly like thebirds, and Mr Dumont made it possible. And I am particularly proud of himbecause he was a Brazilian citizen, just like me. So, that’s my opinion, I could show yousome of my admiration for this great man and his beautiful invention.

Annotation 1:

The response is relevant and clearly expressed with good elaboration.(Although the Wright brothers are often credited with the invention of theairplane, Santos was a major figure in the early history of flight anddeveloped the first commercially viable airplane.) There are some errors inmechanics (no space after periods, not capitalizing Brazilian), and a few inthe use of prepositions and articles ("any place of the world""a important invention"). These are the kinds of errors to beexpected from a competent writer under timed conditions.

Sample Response 2:

From my personal point of view, I think the most important invention isthe light bulb. Before it was invented, people had have to use candles forillumination in the evening. It's performance is not very stable, and it isproduce really high temperature which would probably lead to a fire accident.Light bulbs, however, produce constant and bright lighting at nights. One lightbulb could use for several years, which is quite convenient--people don't needto storage many bulbs. What's more, it is safer than past candles. This isa huge progress in technology, and I consider it as the most vital invention fromthe last 200 years.

Annotation 2:

This response is successful because it is easily understood, supports thewriter's opinion, and displays language facility that is adequate to the task.Nevertheless, it does contain a number of lexical and grammatical errors (e.g.,had have to use, it is produce, one light bulb could use, don't need tostorage). However, these errors do not greatly impede the reader'sunderstanding of the meaning. Overall, the ideas are easily understood and it'sclear why the writer thinks the light bulb is the most important invention(increased brightness, safety, duration, and convenience).

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