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GMAT逻辑里的人生哲学

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2021-09-22

GMAT逻辑里面还是有很多和日常人生哲学所相关的内容的,我们能在刷题的时候发现很多乐趣,比如说今天要讲的这道题就是“爱护单身狗协会”倾力赞助的特别企划---“结婚不会导致长命”。我们今天来聊聊——百因必有果,你的报应是GMAT图片

先来看一道例题

It is true of both men and women that those who marry as young adults live longer than those who never marry. This does not show that marriage causes people to live longer, since, as compared with other people of the same age, young adults who are about to get married have fewer of the unhealthy habits that can cause a person to have a shorter life, most not ably smoking and immoderate drinking of alcohol.

Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument above?

(A) Marriage tends to cause people to engage less regularly in sports that involve risk of bodily harm.

(B) Amarried person who has an unhealthy habit is more likely to give up that habit than a person with the same habit who is unmarried.

(C) Aperson who smokes is much more likely than a nonsmoker to marry a person who smokes at the time of marriage, and the same is true for people who drink alcohol immoderately.

(D)  Among people who marry as young adults, mostof those who give up an unhealthy habit after marriage do not resume the habit later in life.

(E) Among people who as young adults neither drink alcohol immoderately nor smoke, those who never marry live as long as those who marry.

翻译:

确实,已婚人士比起单身狗来说要活得更长,但这不代表结婚导致命长。实际原因是,比起其他同龄人来说,准备结婚的人会有意识地减少抽烟喝酒的习惯,这是长寿的关键所在

Tip:

在逻辑里面,当两件事仅仅是同时共存的时候,不代表有必然因果关系,有可能是各自因果链。“结婚---命长”,两者共存关系未证实因果,固然不能说他们有因果关系。并且这是加强题目,固然不能说与作者相反的情况为真。

如此一来,我们可以预判一个选项:能给 “命长” 归出另外一个原因,且不否定 “结婚---命长” 这一事实的选项,从而起到加强的作用。并且,文章后半部分的议论其实给予了方向。换言之,“命长与否无关婚前婚后,因果归论,看诸公是否抽烟喝酒~~~”

如此一来,E选项说的很好:“未婚人群中有那些个不沾烟酒之人,也活的和这些结了婚的一样久”,相当于在 “活得久” 作为结果的同时提出了其他构成该结果的可能性,还削弱了 “结婚” 作为行为的必要性。A属于无关选项,提及婚后少干冒险事儿,起不到加强原文论点的效果;B选项在证明 “结婚” 的 “好处”,同A一起被排除;C选项在聊 “找对象” 的 “原则”,跟因果关系不沾边;D选项又在吹捧结婚的好处,在“超脱范围的框架外”讨论“削弱”,不达任务且超范。

同学们,这道GMAT逻辑题中的哲学道理你们看懂了吗?

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