• Flora /ˈflɔ:rə/ n 植物，植物界

  示例考题29 Listening Lecture 1

  There's a link between biodiversity and pedodiversity, an obvious relationship between soils and flora and fauna

• Botany/ˈbɑ:təni/ n植物学

• Botanical /bəˈtænɪkl/ n植物学的

“植物学”这个词，来源于法语的botanique，这里插播一个小故事，在澳大利亚有个海湾，就是以botany这个词命名的。

这个海湾以丰富多样的植物种类让17世纪初登澳大利亚的欧洲殖民者大为惊叹而得名Botany Bay。

• Plant/plænt/ n植物

• alpine/ˈælpaɪn/ plant 高山植物

• marsh/mɑ:rʃ/ plant 沼泽植物

• host/hoʊst/ plant 宿主植物

  示例  考题48 Listening lecture 3

  And it always makes its way back to the host plant to feed, guided by the ants, the ant escort service, so to speak.

针对某一株植物的不同部分进行细分，大家则可以看下面的图片:

• Shoot system 茎叶系统

• Flower /ˈflaʊə(r)/ 花

• Lateral bud 侧芽

• Vegetative shoot 营养枝

  示例考题1 Listening Lecture 4

  vegetative parts of a plant's herbs and the flowers the marmots like to eat.

• Node /noʊd/ 茎节（叶子或者树枝从主茎杆长出的地方）

• Internode /ɪnˈtɜ:noʊd / 节间（两个茎节之间的部分）

• Leaf /li:f/ 叶子

• Stem /stem/ 茎

  示例考题19Listening Lecture 3

  carrying it down the leaves through the stems and into the roots.

• Root system 根系

• Taproot /ˈtæpru:t/ 主根

• Lateral branch roots 侧向支根

• Crown /kraʊn/ 树冠

• Twig /twɪg/ 细枝，嫩枝

  示例 考题20Listening Lecture 4

  The hare actually has abundant food in the small twigs it finds.）

• Branch /bræntʃ/ 树枝

• 示例 考题32 Listening Conversation 2

  scientists found evidence that ancient people had been harvesting thebranches from pistachio and almond trees

• Fruit /fru:t/ 果实

• Foliage / ˈfoʊliɪdʒ/ 枝叶（总称）

• Trunk /trʌŋk/ 树干

• Roof hairs 根须

那了解完单一植物的各部分，我们再来看看不同的植物类型和植物的栖息地：

• Shrub /ʃrʌb/ n灌木

• 示例 考题 8 Listening Lecture 1

  They clearly prefer hard wood forests with dense shrubs, bushes underneath the trees.

• Herb /hɜ:rb; hɜ:rb/ n草本植物

  示例考题18 Listening Lecture 3

  Technically speaking, a spice is part of an aromatic plant that is not a leaf orherb.

• Fern n蕨类植物

• Algae /ˈælgi:/ 藻，海藻

• Forest /ˈfɔ:rɪst; ˈfɑ:rɪst/ n森林；林区

• Meadow /ˈmedoʊ/ n草地，牧场

• Prairie /ˈpreri/ n大草原，牧场

• 示例考题4 Reading Passage 1

  The other species, the Columbian white-tailed deer, in earlier times was common in the open prairie country.

• Wetland /ˈwetlənd/ n湿地，沼泽地

• Bog /bɔ:g/ n沼泽，泥塘

• Tundra /ˈtʌndrə/ n冻原，苔原（树木不生，底土常年冰冻的北部地区

  示例 考题36 Reading Passage 1

  Thus prairies and tundra regions, which have characteristic vegetations, also have characteristic soils.

• Photosynthesis /ˌfoʊtoʊ ˈsɪnθəsɪs/ n光合作用

  示例考题9 reading Passage 3

  The algae capture the sun's energy by photosynthesis and store it in organic molecules.

• Symbiosis /ˌsɪmbaɪˈoʊsɪs/ 共生（关系）

• Log /lɔ:g; lɑ:g/ n原木

• Timber /ˈtɪmbə(r)/ n木材，木料

  示例考题25 Reading Passage 2

  The step from buying foreign timber to buying foreign ships was regarded as a short one.

• Nectar /ˈnektə(r)/ n 花蜜

• Pollen /ˈpɑ:lən/ n花粉

  示例考题32 Reading Passage 3

  they gather nectar and pollen from a wide variety of flowers.

• Pollinate /ˈpɑ:l əneɪt/ v授粉；传粉

• Pollination / ˌpɑ:l əˈneɪʃn/ n授粉；传粉

• Cross-breed v使杂交；杂交繁育

• Sprout /spraʊt/ v发芽；抽芽；抽条；生长

• Shoot /ʃu:t/ n幼苗；嫩芽；新枝

• Shell /ʃel/ v给…去壳

• Cluster /ˈklʌstə(r)/ n（同类物丛生或聚集的）簇，团，束，串

  示例 考题45 Reading Passage 2

  dense cylindrical clusters of small, petalless flowers.