在学习和工作上，有人比别人付出更多努力。原因是什么？努力拼搏就一定好吗？

这是一道报告类大作文，题目包含2部分：1）努力工作的原因；2）其后果是否必然是正向的？

报告类的文章结构比较简单，根据问什么答什么的原则，2个主体段分别回应2个部分：主体段-1分析原因；主体段-2 因为题目给出了always这个词，因此可以反驳其后果必然是正向的。

首先我们来看有人更加努力学习或工作的原因。这里可以从内部因素和外部因素两方面来考虑。

内部因素有3个，一是对学习或工作内容感兴趣；二是对自己有更高的要求或者理想，希望通过学习或工作达到目标；三是通过学习和工作能够获得成就感和满足感。这三点都能够促使这些人更加努力。

外部因素则来自于竞争压力，不论是升学的过程还是职场，都存在竞争压力，想要上更好的学校或是更高的职位，都意味着需要比别人做的更好，因此对多数人来说需要更加努力。

然后我们来看一些人学习工作更努力的好处和坏处。好处在于，他们有更有可能在竞争中获胜，取得更高的成就、赚到更多的收入或是能够获得精神上的满足。但坏处也是可能存在的，因为更加努力工作学习意味着要花费大量的时间，这对于个人来说会导致两个问题，一是会占据陪伴家人时间，可能会不利于家庭关系的维系。二是会占据本身属于休息和玩乐的时间，使得个人的身体和精神无法得到有效的放松，加重健康的负担。

这里补充说明一点，有的同学看到这道题就想着说要写内卷的危害，其实没必要。大家可以思考两个问题：一是你如何来定义内卷这个词；二是它的坏处到底是什么以及怎么产生的？使得每个人更努力或有人努力白费能算是坏处么？如果你没有办法在写作中解释清楚的话，那老师非常不推荐去用。

There are some people who tend to work more industriously than others both in their student and working career. From my perspective, such a tendency can be explained by extrinsic pressure and personal aspirations; nevertheless, I don’t believe the enterprising spirit always leads to positive results.  

Firstly, I will see people’s passion for careers as a symptom of troubles to which the reality stress as an answer. Living in a world featuring fierce competition, people are exhausted with peer pressure throughout their lives, be it competing to attend a better university or to be promoted in workplaces; only by making more efforts can they secure themselves a place in the competitive environment. Also, such a quality can be attribute to personal ambitions: some people opt to embrace challenges just to further their potential or reach aspirations.

While many people tend to venerate hard working as a key to success in every stage of their life, it is difficult for me to see it as anything other than a curse on personal life. Those focusing exclusively on the positive of industriousness are oblivious to the complicated causal configurations between people’s devotion to careers and its ramifications – the same cause which is sufficient for blessings could lead to negative implications when joined by other considerations. The first thing to realize is the repercussions for private life: it is imperative to recognize that to immerse oneself in work excessively is usually at the cost of quality time with families. Not to be left behind is the threat to health – preoccupation with work and study may result in symptoms such as anxiety or insomnia.    

From what has been discussed above, it is my conclusion therefore, people choosing to work harder is the result of both reality stress and eagerness for success; however, such a life attitude should not be always venerated as a blessing.

Industrious  勤奋的  

Extrinsic  外部的  

Ambition  进取心  

Curse  祸害  

Ramification / implication  后果  

Immerse  埋头做  

Preoccupation  专注